Adenomyosis

Symptoms may be similar to other conditions and may include :

Heavy menstrual bleeding
Pelvic pain
Menstrual cramping
Painful menstruation
Visit a Gynaecologist if you have any of these symptoms to be diagnosed and treated properly

The exact cause of adenomyosis is unknown. Several risk factors may contribute to this condition development such as :

Age (Most cases are in their 40s or 50s of age)
Giving birth to more than one child
High body mass index
Early menstrual cycle (<12 years)
Short menstrual cycles
Prior uterine surgery (ex: Cesarean section)
Treatment with a medication called tamoxifen
Oral contraceptives use
Depression and using antidepressants
Smoking

Some diagnostic tools may be used such as :

Pelvic examination (a physical examination in which the Gynaecologist may notice uterus enlargement and the patient may feel pain upon touching).
Transvaginal ultrasound (an imaging procedure in which ultrasound waves are used to produce an image of the uterus to detect any abnormality).

Magnetic resonance imaging (a procedure in which magnetic fields are used to produce an image of the uterus).

Choosing the treatment option depends on the desire for maintaining fertility. Treatment options may include :

Medical therapy :

Pain medications: To ease the pain (ex: Ibuprofen, Naproxen, Diclofenac sodium, Diclofenac potassium).
Hormonal medications: To decrease heavy bleeding (ex: Danazol, Letrozole, Anastrozole).


Surgical therapy :

Myomectomy: A surgical procedure to remove uterine fibroids.
Hysterectomy: A surgery to remove the uterus. It’s considered the definitive cure for adenomyosis