Azotemia

Decreased urination
Nausea
Vomiting
Fatigue
Loss of appetite
Confusion
Visit a Nephrologist if you have any of these symptoms to be diagnosed and treated properly

This condition can be caused by different reasons that cause damage to the kidney itself or to the parts before or after the kidney.

· Decreased fluid/blood flow to the kidney due to :

Sepsis
Burns
Hemorrhage
Dehydration
Shock
Over-diuresis
Heart failure
Liver failure
· Injury or damage to the kidney due to :

Toxins
Drugs
Infections
Vasculitis
Decreased fluid flow to the kidney
· Damage or obstruction of the ureters or bladder due to :

Recurrent urinary tract infections
Benign prostatic hyperplasia
Kidney stones

This condition is mainly diagnosed by laboratory tests, but other tests can be used to help in diagnosis and knowing the cause of this condition.

Laboratory tests (a blood sample is taken to measure the level of blood urea nitrogen and other substance, a urine sample can be also taken to be examined).
Ultrasonography (an imaging procedure in which ultrasound waves are used to produce an image of the kidneys to detect the presence of damage).
Computed tomography imaging (a procedure in which x-ray and a computer are used to produce an image of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder to detect the presence of damage or obstruction).

Treating the underlying cause leading to this condition is the main treatment goal. Treatment options may include :

Intravenous fluids to increase fluids and blood volume
Vasopressor medications
Controlling the blood pressure
Controlling the blood glucose level
Relieving any obstruction in the urinary system